Transparent Heater with Nanofibrous Membranes

 

Transparent heaters are widely used in technologies such as window defrosting/defogging, displays, gas sensing, and medical equipment. Apart from mechanical robustness and electrical and optical reliabilities, outstanding chemical stability is also critical to the application of transparent heaters. In this regard, we first present a highly flexible and large-area CuS transparent heater fabricated by a colloidal crackle pattern method with an optimized sheet resistance (R_s) as low as 21.5 Ω sq⁻¹ at a ∼80% transmittance. The CuS transparent heater exhibits remarkable mechanical robustness during bending tests as well as high chemical stability against acid and alkali environments. In the application as a transparent heater, the CuS heater demonstrates a high thermal resistance of 197 °C W⁻¹ cm² with a fast switching time (<30 s), requiring low input voltages (<4.5 V) to achieve uniform temperatures of ∼110 °C across large areas. The temperature of the wearable CuS heater, which is stuck on the skin, can be real-time controlled through a Bluetooth device in a cell phone wirelessly. Based on the wireless control system, we demonstrated an application of the CuS heater in snow removal for solar panels. These CuS network TCEs with high flexibility, transparency, conductivity, and chemical stability could be widely used in wearable electronic-products

The highly transparent, conductive, and environment-friendly humanhair-based NFs (nanofibers) was demonstrated using natural resources consisting of keratin, and the high-performance, flexible, transparent heaters based on the Ag NWs(nanowires)/NFs was successfully fabricated. With uniform coating with the conductive Ag NW nanomaterial, the as-prepared Ag NW networks on transparent NFs had a maximum optical transparency of 89% and sheet resistanceof 25 Ohm/square. In addition, the electrical stability of the Ag NWs/NFs after bending maintained almost the same value as that of the device before bending and was stable during repetitive mechanical bending of the Ag NWs/NFs. The temperature response and heat distribution results showed that the performance of Ag NW/NF based heaters is superior to that of conventional ITO-basedtransparent heaters and graphene-based heaters. The results of our study demonstrated that the Ag NWs/NFs possessed superior electrical conductance athigh optical transmittance with superior mechanical, electrical and thermal stabilities and can be used to produce an environment friendly and transparent conductive heater for future wearable electronic applications.

Fullchance is the leading manufacturer of glass heaters for the flat panel display industry. Typically, heaters are I.M.ITO™ to epoxy or air, for stand alone or lamination versions. The heater designed for 0.1 Watt/Sq. Inch – 5 Watt/Sq. Inch.

Fullchance has developed a unique software process to predict heat dissipation, power loading and temperature rise, in different sets of environments, for ruggedization.
Fullchance is also a leading heater manufacturer for sapphire and silicon substrates using accumulation of metal and/or oxide in a grid pattern, which can be powered up to 20 Watts/Sq. Inch, with transmission up to 95%, in the ranges of 0.8µm – 6.5 µm. An ideal choice for NIR and IR applications.